Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS-Press)
Central Asian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation
2717-4034
2717-0519
1
5
2020
10
01
Ecological perspectives of endemic flora of Adjara, Georgia
245
251
EN
Natela
Varshanidze
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Health. Batumi. Georgia.
n.varshanidze1970@mail.ru
Eteri
Jakeli
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Health. Batumi. Georgia.
ejakeli@mail.ru
Inga
Diasamidze
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Health. Batumi. Georgia.
i.diasamidze@gmail.com
Ketevan
Dolidze
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Health. Batumi. Georgia.
kdolidze@mail.ru
Nazi
Turmanidze
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Health. Batumi. Georgia.
n.turmanidze@hotmail.com
Nana
Zarnadze
Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Health. Batumi. Georgia.
nana.zarnadze@mail.ru
10.22034/CAJESTI.2020.05.01
In the floristic region of Ajara 1837 species of vascular plants are distributed, 174 of which are endemic. By geographic structure, they are divided into 5 groups of the Caucasus, Georgia, Colchis, Adjara-Lazeti, Adjara. They are united in 150 genera from 50 families, and make up 9,4% of the ntire flora of Ajara. Among them, 68 species are endemic to Caucasus (39%), 52 to Cholchis (29.9%), 23 to Ajara-Lazeti (13.2%), 21 to Georgia (12%) and 10 to Ajara (5,74%) (Memiadze 2009). According to life forms 136 species are perennial grasses, 6 species are binnials, 6 - annuals, 11 - trees, 13 - bushes, 2 - timbered lianas. They are distributed in different ecological environment: in coastal sand and dunes, coastal lowlands – 8 species, freshwater ponds – 3 species, in peat bogs – 4 species, on the humid, shaded slopes of the coast – 17 species, In thermophilous- mesophilous broadleaf forests – 40 species, Cholchis mesophilous shrubs – 3 species, hemixerophilic biotops of cliffs and scree of the forests – 57 species, biotopes of subalpine forest- valleys – 72 species, alpine valleys – 40 species. In terms of the number of species, the largest percentage comes from Caucasian endemic plants, the center of distribution and origination of which mainly falls on the subalpine belt. Species ndemic to cholchis are mainly distributed on shaded slopes and in the thermophilic-mesophilic forest belt, which must be a habitat of endemic origin for Colchis.
Ajara,ecology,Endemic,Species,Ecotop
http://www.cas-press.com/article_111217.html
http://www.cas-press.com/article_111217_3792cd3f27454215807be6c908046e98.pdf
Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS-Press)
Central Asian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation
2717-4034
2717-0519
1
5
2020
10
01
A review on hazard risk assessment using remote sensing and GIS
252
261
EN
Arshad
Ali
0000-0002-3625-9159
Faculty Members, National University Sciences and Technology (MCE-NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
aliarshad08@yahoo.com
Faiz
H. Shah
Faculty Members, National University Sciences and Technology (MCE-NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
fiaz@mce.edu.pk
Mazhar
Iqbal
Faculty Members, National University Sciences and Technology (MCE-NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
mazhar@mce.edu.pk
10.22034/CAJESTI.2020.05.02
All over the World, disasters are on the increase. Disasters are result of interaction between hazards and elements at risk exposed to potential phenomenon leading to vulnerability. It is, therefore, necessary that risk assessment is carried out using latest means like remote sensing and GIS for undertaking preventive, mitigation or risk reduction measures. Paper starts with reflection on basic definitions mostly derived from UNISDR 2009 and develops rudimentary understanding required for building on the subject. Since risk assessment is data intensive activity, so latest trends and sources for data acquisition or extraction are identified. It is also important to establish the frameworks like disaster risk management, risk analysis and risk assessment before dwelling on main part of the paper relating to risk assessment process. In risk assessment process three components namely hazards, elements at risk and vulnerability are focused in detail highlighting their individual characteristics, data acquisition using remote sensing platforms globally available for the purpose and application of GIS for analysis, evaluation and visualization of risk from a particular hazard against a particular segment of society. At the end multi hazard risk assessment is focused shown through an integrated process using GIS.
GIS,Hazard risk assessment,spatial data,vulnerability
http://www.cas-press.com/article_122583.html
http://www.cas-press.com/article_122583_3dd27372cbe29412938602a879750cc9.pdf
Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS-Press)
Central Asian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation
2717-4034
2717-0519
1
5
2020
10
01
Forest fire expansion under global warming conditions: multivariate estimation, function properties and predictions for 29 countries
262
276
EN
Peter
Lohmander
0000-0003-2013-2580
Optimal Solutions in Cooperation with Linnaeus University, Hoppets Grand 6, SE 903 34 Umea, Sweden
peter@lohmander.com
10.22034/CAJESTI.2020.05.03
This study investigates the average relative burned area, as a function of different conditions, in 29 countries. Detailed international statistics of forest fires, published by FAO and European Commission, are used as empirical data. A multivariate fire area function with empirically very convincing statistical properties is defined, tested, and estimated. A set of hypotheses was created based on three fundamental factors. The hypotheses could not be rejected on statistical grounds, and the estimated parameters obtained the expected signs with very low P-values. The residual analysis supports the selected functional form. Future fire areas are predicted for 29 countries, conditional on three alternative levels of global warming conditions. The estimated fire area function can explain the forest fire areas in different countries via three fundamental factors that are 1) The average area of forest fires divided by the total forest area is increasing the average temperature. Hence, global warming is expected to make future forest fire problems even more severe, 2) The average forest fire area divided by the total forest area is an increasing function of the total forest area, and finally 3) The average area of forest fires divided by the total forest area is a decreasing function of the population's size.
Global warming,Forest Fire,Fire Management,International Predictions
http://www.cas-press.com/article_122566.html
http://www.cas-press.com/article_122566_948deb645be08432712b9e1ea66c1751.pdf
Central Asian Scientific Press (CAS-Press)
Central Asian Journal of Environmental Science and Technology Innovation
2717-4034
2717-0519
1
5
2020
10
01
Co-treatment of chlorophenol and methanolic wastes
277
280
EN
Arshad
Ali
0000-0002-3625-9159
MCE – National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
aliarshad08@yahoo.com
Muhmmad Mazhar
Iqbal
MCE – National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
mazhar@mce.edu.pk
Abdul
Waheed
MCE – National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
waheed@mce.edu.pk
10.22034/CAJESTI.2020.05.04
Treatment feasibility of cholorphenol and methanolic waste (CP-M) was examined in an experimental UASB reactor for 40-42 weeks. Permissible organic loading rate (OLR) to achieve 80% TOC was observed to be 6.25g-TOC/L-d with 18mg-CP/L, at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12-48hrs. The overall gas conversation rate observed at greater than 80% TOC removal efficiency was found to be 0.13L/g-CODrem with 60% of methane content. Kinetic coefficients of k, Ks, Y and kd were determined to be 0.70g-TOC/g-VSS.d, 0.30g-TOC/L, 0.26g-VSS/g-TOC and 0.02day-1, respectively. The results of this study suggested that the anaerobic digestion of CP-M is a promising technique.
anaerobic digestion,UASB,Chlorophenol,Methanolic wastes
http://www.cas-press.com/article_122682.html
http://www.cas-press.com/article_122682_5229b8bb4d0ac270d5ed2848924048d5.pdf